The topic is Prostitution Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The topic is Prostitution - Research Paper ExampleA mere act of justice pass on possibly not solve all the problems related to this issue. It might be argued by slightly people that legalizing prostitution will make it easier to control the dark and corrupt side of this trade. It will induce some measure of dignity to the arouse workers. It will ensure they pay off regular health check-ups and they ar not left to the mercy of unscrupulous pimps or customers. They shall be better paid and ultimately equivalent any other organized sector they shall get some measure of legal protection. (Hayes-Smith and Shekarkhar, 50)Although this is one way of life of looking at it thither is another viewpoint, which considers prostitution to be a threat to the institution of marriage. fit to this group legalizing prostitution will result in the break-up of many marriages, as it will make it easier for spouses to cheat on their partners. One might argue that a faithful spouse shall remain so plain if prostitution is legalized. So if in the long run legalizing this trade results in some long-term benefits for the women concern it should be seriously considered. (Hayes-Smith and Shekarkhar, 53) It has been discovered that indoor conjure up workers are less likely to face military force than prostitutes who work on the streets. Surveys conducted in Vancouver, British Columbia have revealed that about 67% of the indoor sex workers had never faced any violence in their profession. This survey concentrated on massage parlors, go out agencies and women who worked as independent sex workers. This was in stark contrast to the violence faced by women who worked on the streets of Vancouver. Here the rate of violence was as high 98% and it is obvious from this survey that indoor sex work is safer than working on the streets. I n the United Kingdom Jeal and Salisbury reported that 79% of their indoor sex workers had never faced violence. Another survey conducted by Sanders and Campbell found that around 76% to 79% of the indoor sex workers had never experienced violence (ODoherty, 218). So if the Government legalizes prostitution the women will no longer have to work on the streets. They can operate from their own private set-ups without dread of prosecution. This will give them greater autonomy and more litheness. They will no longer be at the mercy of pimps and middlemen. A lack of awareness and education puts most prostitutes at a disadvantage. As a result of this when they face violence of any kind they are unable to fight for their rights. Moreover there is a feeling among certain sections of the public that anybody engaged in this kind of profession deserve what they get .A prostitute who complains of violence by the customer is therefore not likely to receive much sympathy. legalisation of prostitution will enable women to fight for their rights. It will also protect them from corrupt law-enforcement officials. (ODoherty, 223-224) The fact that stinting problems might lead to an increase in the level of prostitution is borne out by what we see in Russia today. There has been a rise in the level of prostitution in Russia. Unfortunately little serve has been taken by the State to regulate and control this industry. As a result of this venereal diseases and human immunodeficiency virus infection has spread rapidly. According to the information of the Ministry of Health of Saratov oblast, in 1996-2003 the number of people infected with acquired immune deficiency syndrome was

Observation of community Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Observation of community - Assignment ExampleFacebook seems to be the most popular site when it becomes to making friends and Social networking. flock are free to advertise themselves as well as their skills, books and professions etc. and try to better their existing prospects. The mint at Facebook have come to realize that even companies are interested in engaging themselves with other stakeholders in a much dynamic and folksy manner and hence have gone that extra mile in creating a potent platform for them to associate with each other. Many big Corporate Companies and artistes have joined the Facebook participation in order to further enhance their prospects.The address utilise by this particular group of people is slightly more formal than the other groups. This is because professions are involved. Informal language such as Oh cmon yaar, yeah of course, no probs, soupcon you later then bring along your resume and catch me at ma office tom. lunch time etc. are some of th e informal phrases used in the language spoken here. Other common phrases used between associates are give me a buzz or give me a tinkle before comin pal, IMHO (in my humble opinion)This is the most informal and exciting platform on Facebook because it is here that friends meet and exchange fun and ideas across the globe. The world becomes a smaller place when people interact and associate with each other between continents and across the world. The language used on this platform is filled with fun and laughter punctuated with a lot of jokes and funny ideas. People who associate with each other as friends on a surface level exchange a lot of information, thoughts and ideas which prove to be very useful and encouraging.The majority of users, take their friendship to a out-of-the-way(prenominal) more deeper level and engage in sharing their innermost and deepest feelings and emotions in exchange for solace, understanding and

The Chrysanthemum Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

The Chrysanthemum - Essay sheathWhat is revealed in most of the religious texts, and what is practiced by the society ar mostly contradictory. A female child suffers victimization at every stage of life. When she grows, marries, begets children, her responsibilities multiply. Her private ambitions stand curtailed. Circumstances compel her to demolish her many fond feelings for the growth of her innate desires and latent personality. How can a woman be the level-headed and spiritual equal of man in the true sense?John Steinbeck in his story The Chrysanthemum highlights the limitations below which a married woman lives. He writes not to sympathize with women, not condemn the societyhe just mentions the facts, for which there are no tangible solutions. Her plight is a sort of inevitable confinement. enzyme-linked-immunosorbent serologic assay is one such woman. She is as if imprisoned in a fort, being attacked by the enemy from outside. The reputation seems to move in tandem with her moods. The story opens The high gray-flannel fog of winter closed off the Salinas valley from the sky and from all the rest of the world. On every side it sat like a chapeau on the mountains and made of the great valley a closed pot. Every description by the compose related to the life of Elisa is chiseled within the details of confinement. Her garden of flowers is surrounded by a wire fence. Flower and wire fence, create a picture, how her tender emotions are imprisoned. Through such enclosures, she watches the activities that are taking place in the society. She has no conflict with her husband, everything apparently seems to go on well. Her dissatisfaction with her life has aught to do with the attitudes of her husband and his disposition towards her. The story critically examines her psychology. The images of seasons, weather, plants and a animalsall work as natures agents to provided stay to the happiness of her life. When a bright and energetic woman has to fall in

Discussion Board Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Discussion Board - Essay characterIt causes not merely political corruption but leads to social disintegration as well. It turns the youth into rebels, causes bloodshed, enmity, and violence. It is in fact, an organized crime and operates through the underworld. Hence, people feel that legalizing drugs could perhaps improve the situation to some extent.In my opinion, no drugs should be given the legal status. The trafficking of illegal drug takes place as mentioned, through the underworld. It is exchange through the land and sea transport between countries. An international law is necessary where all countries concern get together to catch the players of this game. If drugs are legalized then the trade and its activities, the mode of operations flocknot be classify a crime and no remedial action can be taken.At this point it mustiness be noted that the trade can exist only if there you users. The drug users are the spikelet of the business. This means to combat the business of drugs one has to start at the grass root level. Education has to be imparted at the school level. This education does not merely mean educating on the dangers of drugs. It should include, rather stress on the nexus between drugs business and the underworld crime.This is a mammoth task, which cannot be tackled by the government or law alone. It is a chronic problem in the society and the society as a self-coloured has to handle it. Teachers, parents, school authorities, church, all have a role to play. It can be supported by legal recourse or punitive action if warnings are not adhered to.Feeding information, right and seasonably information to the children is very important. Keeping alarming news on drugs away from them or suppressing information can cause more harm than good. Today children want to be a part of all that happens. For instance, if any trafficking has been brought to light and the victims arrested, the children should be made aware of all the details and asked to r eflect on the

Direct marketing Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

call marketing - Assignment Examplering armor marketing likewise has a high return on investment potential due to its extreme targeting and, as a result, businesses are able to market to those consumers that they sound off are more likely to make a purchase, instead of using mass marketing campaigns through and through digital media. Direct mail also gives the business a more personal way to kitchen stove existing and potential customers, while also enabling businesses to form relationships with consumers and measure feedback on campaigns (Thomas & Housden 35).The first lawsuit involves marketing at Guinness with the most important insight from this case being the importance of brand marketing, which has been shown to upgrade brand awareness and subsequent sales. This case, however, is historical in nature as Guinness seems not to have pick out the use of interactive social media groups as a way of direct marketing. The second case is LendingTree, which uses the net income fo r direct marketing. One lesson from this case was that direct online marketing leads to an increase in the number of leads, while it also allows for high volume distribution and targeting. Moreover, direct online marketing was also seen to provide immediate analytics that enhance interrogation and optimizing performance. Finally, the case on TreadMoves provides insights into the importance of direct internet marketing, especially in the manner that using tissue analytics helps in making marketing more effective. Another insight involved the manner in which TreadMoves flush toilet sue their database in order to directly interact with prospects and customers.Despite the increasing popularity of digital mediums in marketing, some(prenominal) companies continue to use direct mail marketing. The latter is an especially attractive choice for small enterprises since it allows these enterprises to enunciate to the consumer complete information on a service or product, while also enabli ng them to pass on any potential target group for relatively low costs (Bird 23). In this case, direct mail may

Illegal Immigration Instigate More Crimes Research Paper

Illegal Immigration Instigate More Crimes - Research Paper Example nigh immigrants come to the United States specifically with the intention to destabilize the peace of the society whereas some immigrants start doing reprehensible activities when they do not find jobs or any kind of work in the countries where they migrate. However, citizenry should not think negative of all immigrants because the nature and activities of every person are not the same. It is besides a small number of immigrants who are actually involved in criminal activities. Some reports scan that 12 to 15 portion of immigrants become involved in illegal activities.Drug trafficking is also one of the or so critical issues associated with large-scale immigration to the United States of America. Go states, The US suffers an annual loss of about 70 billion dollars due to drug-related illnesses, death, and drug-related crimes. Drug trafficking is a business which earns a lot of money not only to the drug dealers but also to all other people involved in this business. Researches show that close to 13.2 million illegal immigrants living in the United States are Mexican-Americans and a large number of them are drug dealers.Illegal immigrants come to the United States to earn good money but due to overleap of documents, they fail to get jobs and get involved in drug trafficking. Many are simply culmination to the United States to look for work but are accosted, and they become subjects of the drug cartels (CNN Wire Staff). Here, we must say that it is just a small percentage of the illegal immigrants become victims to drug dealers. Most of the immigrants are untiring and careful individuals who obey the social, political, and labor laws and regulations of the foreign countries.Reports confirm that U.S. GDP may increase by 0.75 percent annually due to large-scale immigration. Immigrants bring innovative ideas and entrepreneurial spirit to the U.S. economy (Griswold). Apart from the substan tiative and negative aspects of illegal immigrants, the government of America needs to maintain a proper check on the activities of all immigrants. Moreover, the border control mechanisms should also be improved in order to stop people from entering the country illegally.

PRESENTATION REPORT Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

PRESENTATION REPORT - Essay ExampleHi business relationship proves that the gospel of John was written on the polite demand of the Bishops of Asia so that the history of delivery boy remains quick in the eyes of Christian people. His writing too proves that it is solely for the Greek readers (Smith 1988, p. 433).John describes the whole story and shows the variant viewpoint as compared to previous writers. The purpose of the writing of the Gospel of John was not to append materials in the previous Gospels. For that reason, he added authentic information in the fourth Gospel. His purpose of writing was also not to negate the Cerinthian heresy. In his writing, he just stated the truth in a different or unique way. He also not intended to resolve the problems of the harsh parties by swelled them a lesson of unity, just like the Tubingen school did not disapprove Jewish opposition and criticism. This viewpoint is so much famous among scholars (Von Wahlde 1995, p. 381)The purpose o f writing the fourth Gospel is to prove that Jesus is the Christ and he is the son of God and one should have a spiritual association with him. He also explains that he has a close relationship with his father. In this case, any other person who is spiritually close to Jesus is automatically close to God. In that time period, Cerinthian heresy was famous among Christians, but because of the Gospel of John, Christians were again attracted towards their proclaim religion and followings.The author of the fourth Gospel was a Palestinian Jew. In his writing he shows that he is closely attached and follows the Jewish customs. He knew the Jews religious customs and followership solely (De Jonge, 1993, p. 349). He also knew, it is entirely an illegal and non-religious thing to alter the pious book and he could face the bad circumstances. He knew there were strict thoughts and rules, that were followed in the Jewish world and it was unlawful to change the Sabbath, 5 1 ff. 914 ff. He knew the hopes of Jewish

A CATHOLIC WOMAN IN THE AMERICAS Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

A CATHOLIC WOMAN IN THE AMERICAS - Essay Exampleecondly, the climate and available natural resources distinctly differ from those found in another(prenominal) parts of the country ( impudent England, Wikipedia.org). In the 1700s, the New England population was served by merchants, artisans and shopkeepers. Shops barte crimson imported goods from Britain for crops and other topical anesthetic products like shingles and potash which were then expected to port towns like Boston, Salem, Newport and Providence from where they were exported by merchants to the West Indies on barter trade in exchange for sugar, molasses, gold coins and bills of exchange. Some merchants owned fishing vessels, which they used to transport catches of mackerel and cod to the West Indies and European countries. Other merchants owned saw-mills that used the huge, easily available timber riches to provide cheap wood that was used to build houses and ships, the latter being sold to American and side merchants ( Colonial America, Wikipedia.org).New Englands Black River Valley located in Rhode Island is credited with being the provenance of the Industrial Revolution in the U.S. on account of the famous Slater Mill, the first water-powered cotton spin mill in the country that made cloth from cotton. The Slater Mill, set up in 1793, was mainly responsible for making New England a leader in textile production (Rhode Island, Wikipedia.org).The drawback in the New England economy during the 1700s was that agriculture cultivation was greatly hampered by the regions rocky soil and absurd climate (New England, Wikipedia.org). As a result, the farmers were able to only grow potatoes and grass like red clover and timothy-grass, the two varieties of grass serving as fodder for cattle. Farming families tried their best to tranquillize their problems by loaning livestock and exchanging surplus goods and labor with one another (Colonial America, Wikipedia.org).On the policy-making scenario, New Engla nd in the 1700s is credited with spawning direct

My reflection of analysis on Philosophies of Judaism, Christianity, Essay

My objurgation of analysis on Philosophies of Judaism, Christianity, and the knotty Civilization - Essay ExampleIt is also referred as Trinity. The nature of matinee idol through the beliefs of Judaism is reflected in one substance and is considered to be one person. In Judaism, God is referred as Unity.The Byzantine Civilization also has different views about the nature of God. From Byzantine Civilization, it is discovered that the nature of God in this religion is not only considered as a substance but also as a being (Aitken and Paget).Judaism, Christianity and Byzantine Civilization all these religions have a same belief about the trigger of the world. All these religions agree that the world is created by one God and is for a limited period. The Christians affirm the countersign of life after(prenominal) death as they believe in it. In Judaism and Byzantine Civilization, there are mixed views as some accept the fact that there will be life after death, and some disagree w ith it (Aitken and

Application of Machine Tools Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Application of instrument Tools - Assignment ExampleThe tools are do involving more than one go where there is also finishing of other specialized machines and different tools of trade. Machine tool is a critical aspect in the industrialization of any country due to the sic it plays in the economic advancement. The milling caliber is an example of a machine tool application. The machine is utilize in the manufacturing of arc welding and equipment used for cuffting. The dressed taper gauge is make with a narrowing mountaint over. This is because the tips are used in conditions that are limited to mobility and access to specific areas that need to be welded usually inside a corner. The flair that a milled taper gauge is made is critical and ensures an in effect(p) outcome in the final process. There are several tools and machines used to instal a milled taper gauge. The tapered tips on the gadgets are mounted on the front of the torch and normally unspoken to see aroun d in tight spaces. As such, the gadget is made to have a long-run and thinner tip to allow the welder more visibility and movement with ease. The tapered gauge is made employ a series of tools and processes whereby the incorporation of a attender to size up the correct size of the tip is crucial (Snyder, 2004). The process of making a milled taper gauge starts with the measurements where the right measurements must be made before deploying the use of a cutter tool to size the taper tips. The size is the sign consideration that should be calculated before setting off to use other machines and tools. After the measurements, the cutter is a crucial component, and it plays a great role in ensuring a taper gauge looks the way it should (Liang, 2005). The cutter is used to cut the size of the tip in different sizes as required. One gauge could have several tips with different sizes. This depends on the work the gauge is allocated to do. The milling gauge is used to cut unwanted parts of a machine tool while converting it into a usable machine of works. This makes the process of making the milling gauge be specific and advanced to give room for a hundred-percent efficiency and reliable machine application tool. The taper is made of a low cost, simple, and versatile tool climb system that uses the holders alongside tapered shanks. There is also use of a matching hollowed spindle that helps to get dressed the object during work. Tools that have tapered shanks are inserted into the matching inlets and forced into the place. They are then made to deterrent there through friction, where in some cases the friction needs to be cast upd with the use of a drawbar. The drawbar is a long bolt that holds the tool into the clipping area using more force to increase the friction. Caution needs to be exercised during the process of manufacturing a taper gauge since the joints and the connection points require accurate measurement to ensure it becomes a successful taper ga uge. This means that any error that deviates from the norm can lead to a spoilt taper gauge which cannot be ideal to work as an application tool. The taper gauge itself is an important machine that is very useful in a workshop. Clipping the tools in its expected place is a critical undertaking that is determined by the process used to make the gauge taper. To ensure that a taper comes out as an efficient machine, its parts are made and organized in a specified way to enable perfect handling of objects while working(a) on them. There is a sequence of

Malcolm X and Julius Caesar Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Malcolm X and Julius Caesar - Assignment physical exerciseHis novice, also called Gaius Julius Caesar, was governor of the province of Asia while his mother, Aurelia Cotta, was from an influential family (Fuller 9). He got the privileged education and as a child, under his fathers watchful eye he would drive a goat chariot, computer simulation to be a triumphant general, perhaps an early pointer to the triumphs that would later define his adult living. capital of Italy was ruled by such families and from an early age, the raw Caesar could consent been indoctrinated with the idea that his role in life was to pursue the highest political ambitions and carry on the family name. Malcolm X natural Malcolm Little on the other hand, was born into a family on the lower ranks of the socioeconomic spectrum. His mother, Louise Norton Little, was a housewife who spent her snip taking pity of the familys eight children while his father was a Baptist pastor and civil rights protester. T he young Malcolm, therefore, did not have got a cozy childhood the which Caesar had. One begins to see how these two men would grow to embrace the causes and have the approaches to life around them that they had in their later lives one seeking to conquer and the other seeking to be free. Events, however, begin to shape these two lives that started out so different towards a common destiny of greatness. some(prenominal) Ceasar and Malcolm X grew up in turbulent environments. The background would help give them the steely determination and remorseless ambition which they would later use to advance their respective causes. Caesars formative years were a time of turmoil in the roman type Republic there were several wars from 91 BC to 82 BC. Roman politics was highly polarized. Caesars father suddenly died when the young Caesar was in his teens and was forced to be headland of the family. He needed a guide and someone to protect him, especially from the then dictator, Lucius Cornel ius Sulla, who did not like the Caesar family. He found this in the person of his distinguished uncle, Gaius Marius, who had achieved a position of immense importance in Roman politics and warfare. Marius was regarded as a champion of the underprivileged of Italy and with his guidance Caesar became a confident young man (Fuller 15). From around 82 BC to 80 BC, though, the dictator, Sulla, began to rid Rome of his enemies and Caesar was among the individuals targeted. Marius had died by now and Caesar was left field vulnerable to Sullas reign of terror. The environment was so hostile, and he fled Rome to Asia Minor. Malcolm X, too, grew up in a particularly hostile environment. It was at a time when racial discrimination was at its height. His fathers civil rights activism encouraged death intimidation from the white supremacist group, Black Legion, making them migrate in two ways before Malcolms fourth birthday (Biography 1). It is noted in his biography on his official website th at in 1929, Malcolms family home in Michigan was burned by arsonists, and two years later Earls dead body was found lying across the towns trolley tracks (1). Malcolm and his other siblings were split up amongst various foster homes and orphanages. Hostility would remain with both Malcolm and Caesar even in their adult lives as public figures and lastly lead to their assassination.

NATURAL HAZARDS VOLCANOES Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

NATURAL HAZARDS VOLCANOES - Essay Example(Adams, 1981).2. Volcanoes atomic number 18 very likely to erupt on these islands due to the existence of live volcanic centers. It is more likely to occur in other countries much(prenominal) as Nevis, Eustatius and Saba in the near future because they have live volcanic centers. (University of the West Indies Seismic query Centre)4. When a super-volcanic knock occurs, usually it covers extensive areas with volcanic ash and lava that results in a prolong live change such as the reduction in the temperature of the atmosphere and the earths surface, referred to as ice rink age or glacial age, which can threaten the life of species. (Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia).Volcanic eruptions, though roiled and destructive to human, the environment and animal life, provides immense benefits to people who live near to them. The ash that is thrown when in that respect is a volcanic eruption can be very harmful to the environment shortly after, he retofore in the long term the ash layer converts to a very fertile soil, which contains many reusable minerals.Volcanoes can produce very magnificent scenery like the beautiful sunsets from explosive eruptions. They also establish beautiful lava fountains, stunning eruptions and plant-rich environments. People will return and live after a volcanic eruption because of the fertile soil around the volcano, where they use the rich soil for farming.The resources that are produced from volcanic eruptions are apply for energy extraction, also called geothermal resources. Energy is produced as a result of heat from the earths crust. The great advantages are that this energy is very clean and the resources are almost inexhaustible.Another great economical benefit of volcanic eruptions is that it generates tourism. This translates to jobs and foreign exchange income. This can also result in an improvement in peoples standard of living.

Human rights issues Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

gentleman rights issues - Essay ExampleThe human rights declaration in 1948 was a major achieve manpowert for the United Nations. This was because, from unalike regions in the b either, the human rights documents included values which were to be applied globally to all citizens across the world irrespective of gender, race or ethnicity. Moreover, the basic functions in which human rights were created to serve were to ensure equality among men in different spheres of life, and endowed individuals with an opportunity to have life, liberty and happiness in all corners of the planet. humans rights apply in all major contexts which characterized daily human activities around the planet. They are social, physical, emotional, and economical amongst others. What this patently means is that the values stated in the human rights document are applicable in all aspects of life. An example is when trading, there are human rights values which both parties must abide to exercise equality. The effect of human rights is of extreme importance to me because in my understating it has made my world a better place. Unlike onwards where the world was full insecurities, today I know with course I can travel to anyplace within my country and to freely interact with any individuals whosoever I wish without developing fear or being discriminated because of gender, race or ethnicity. In addition, to other individuals, human rights is of extreme importance because in a century or year, characterized by globalization

Credit Card Companies targeting College Students on Campuses Essay

Credit Card Companies targeting College Students on Campuses - Essay ExampleMoreover, almost a one-third of the 76% of current college students have been offered free gifts in order to abridge up for the acknowledgement tease. Consequently, this has lead to nearly a dozen of states restricting credit bankers bill marketing to students within campuses. Despite such(prenominal) moves, credit companies have persistently remained aggressive in signing up students within campuses for credit planks (Chu). This is despite the common view credit companies should non target college students on their campuses while marketing credit card.Arguments against Marketing of Credit Cards to Students within CampusesMarketing of credit card game to students within campuses is against provisions of federal official Law on credit cards for college students. According to Chu, Federal Law on credit card categorically outlines that no bank or financial lending institution should give credit card to students and young adults of below 21 years who have no steady income or cosigner. This federal police force prohibition provides a framework within which credit cards should be given that is, to persons above 21 years with a steady income. Unfortunately, most undergraduates after finishing school end up with gigantic credit, which may eventually lead to bankruptcy and at the verge of financial crisis. Based on statistics obtained by the US universal Interest Research Group, graduating college students leave school with approximately $ 4,000 in debts (Uspirg.org). The US Public Interest Research Group goes ahead to establish that 56% of undergraduates obtain their first credit cards at the age of 18 years, which is a period when someone cannot make informed decisions (Uspirg.org). Whats more, by the time such a student is graduating, he or she will be in self-control of four or more credit cards. Credit companies have been forced to enter into unethical employment practices in order to entice and persuade college students to sign up for credit cards. College students are vulnerable to sixpenny offers such as T-shirts, pizzas, and other free gifts. Financial institution clearly understands the vulnerability of college students, which they unethically gain on to convince them to sign up for credit cards (Chu). Convincing and enticing of college students do not only include gifts but also dwell in short-lived offers such as lour interest rates and other deceptive marketing practices. For instance, in 2007 the state attorney charged Citi stick and its marketing counterpart, Elite Marketing with application of deceptive marketing practices to entice students in order to sign up for credit cards. Taking advantage of consumers situation and vulnerability is an unethical practice that may only end up ruining and organization. The credit companies responsible for marketing of credit cards to students should be prohibited from taking advantage of college stud ents vulnerability to cheap offers. College students other than being vulnerable to cheap offers are new, inexperienced, and uninformed adequately regarding credit cards and in the market place. In this regard, marketing credit cards with only advantages will make students accept such offers without understanding how it works and demerits (Dickler). As a result, galore(postnominal) of them end up incurring hefty sums of debts, which trails back to their parents. Placing more burdens to parents in addition to their normal responsibilities of stipendiary tuition fee and caring for students is unfair and uncalled for especially in the contemporary business world where financial support standards have incrementally increased. Statistics by US Public Interest Research Group clearly indicates that 61% of students amply depend on their parents for fee and all other educational costs, with 40% and 38%

Analysis Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Analysis - Term Paper ExampleAs the market is changing and including more than and more buckrams in the business scenario, a proper screening of the environment is part and parcel of a firms achiever. It is essential for a business enterprise to keep itself aware of surrounding environment because the success of business depends to a great extent on its awareness about surrounding environment (Jain et al. 2010, p.84) pounder Analysis In order to analyze the business environment for M&S we will initial use the PESTLE analysis. governmental, economic, social, technical, legal and environmental (PESTLE) analysis is an analytical tool for assessing the impact of external contexts. (Basu 2011, p.21) a. Political The UK retailer is faced with the changing setup in terms of the political environment. Although the company enjoys a fair stable government with stable policies regarding the economy and the retail business as a whole, but changes imbibe been brought into the system due to the recent terror vibes. However the efficient UK government has tapped this issue with proper certificate plans. The company is a part of the system where the impose net is not too high as compared to other countries. Also the international trade agreement with China for instance has been relaxed with the new double tax treaty that reduces taxes, thus facilitating opportunities of global trade. b. Economic The economy in which Marks and Spencer is operating is one of the largest economies of the earthly concern with a loose monetary policy and a stable employment scenario. The company does face the risks of fulminant financial upheavals like the 2007-2009 financial crises that originated in the US mortgage market but influenced the entire ball especially the larger economies. So M&S have to keep a continuous stigmatize on the global outlook and the UKs economic indicators and their trends in order to fully capitalize on the economy. c. Social In terms of the social factors M&S has to analyze the local environment as well as the foreign territories in which the company operates. The company needs to take into account the jejuneness as they are the lucrative target market for clothing and apparel. Its loyal customer base is right off in the age bracket of 50 plus years. It needs to analyze the UKs youth for their modus vivendi which is independent and trendy and portray such vibes in their clothing line. d. Technological The company faces a technological lag as compared to its competitor. The company did not use the plastic money till the 2003 and had no loyalty card schemes for its customers. The company started these cards and schemes along with vouchers and reward points in 2003 much later than its competitors. The technological advances are the most speedy ones these days, with companies using technology in terms of product availability in the form of online deliveries for better customer service etc. M&S needs to keep on adapting to the technolog ical change in order to compete well with the rivals. Also UK like other tough economies is witnessing an era of online shopping frenzy and this hype needs to be catered through proper implementation of remediate design of customer friendly website and the accompanying distribution strategy. e. Legal The laws in the UK are always changing for the better. M&S keep a check on all the new legislations through annually training. Health and Safety laws, Packaging laws, commercial laws etc have to be maintained

Psychology of Women Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Psychology of Women - Essay ExampleThe first act of bias in the media is seen through the concept of feminism, which is represented by the main character, Margaret Tate. This character is seen as an single-handed woman from the beginning, and is often referred to as a witch by others in the office. Margaret is recognized as boffo and as an editor that is able to help her publishing company reach more success. The womens rightist sentiment and bias that is noted from the beginning is one that shows the independence of the working woman and the way that women who are nonsymbiotic act toward others. For a woman to carry this level of success, compromises of being a woman are made. As the movie continues, this is seen as Margaret reveals that she has given up a social life and marriage for the sake of the moving in and to be an independent woman. This relates directly to the juxtaposed debates of feminism, which states that working women cant be housewives and often compromise id eas of femininity for their success. This results as an expectation from society and what is occurring among others in the office.The concept of feminism and independence is one of the virtually measurable aspects of this film with the reversal of expectations that begin to occur. This relates directly to the main plot, which shows Margaret asking Andrew to marry her for the sake of her job. Margaret takes the use of a male in her assertiveness and in her proposal to Andrew at the beginning of the film. The media portrays Margaret as the feminist who is independent and who will do anything for the sake of her job while leaving behind her traditional role. This is important for the identity of feminism and the perception of how women take this role in society. However, the media also shows the underlying tone of feminism and how this is an illusion. By the end of the film, Margaret is seen as

Original formulation of attachment Essay Example for Free

Original formulation of attachment EssayThe attachment surmise was produced by derriere Bowlby and colleagues in the 1950s. Influenced by the ply of Freud and Harlow, amongst others, Bowlby drew on ethological concepts to develop his theory. Early on in an infants liveliness they build a close contact with a significant object. From these early relationships with their attachment objects infants create what Bowlby called native working models (IWM) (Oates et al. 2005).The Robertsons (1989) brought to light the distress infants experience when they are separated from their attachment figure, this lead Bowlbys instigation to turn back separation anxiety into his theory. Mary Ainsworths (1954, 1978) work on enate deprivation enabled Bowlbys ideas to be empirically tried by delegacy of designing the Strange Situation and attachment motley (Oates et al. 2005). Bowlbys theory envisaged attachment mixed bags to continue through generations (Oates et al. 2005). Main et al. (1 994) devised an equivalent classification for adults that were assessed through the Adult Attachment Interview, (AAI).Having a stable and long edge relationship with carers was a feature that Bowlby thought was important in order to develop good IWM Hamilton (1994) ensuant research explores this idea.Bowlby integrated the work of Winnicott on good enough mothering that was later explored by researchers such as Vondra et al. (1995).The predictive value of the Strange Situation on later attachments was challenged by Lamb et al. (1985).Baumrinds model of parenting appearance extended Bowlbys work on IWM and the cultural context in which the theory was originally formulated looked into. The smell of having a reciprocal relationship is an important factor in attachment.The attachment theory has enabled research to runner off into investigating some of the reasons linked with attachment that may ca-ca disturbed behavior.Ainsworth was the first to endure and solidify Bowlbys theory of attachment with respects to having a secure base as a means of exploring the world.Building on the observations of the Robertsons (1989) and on the pioneering work done by Harlow (1958), Ainsworth set out to have maternal deprivation.During her research in Africa in 1954 she developed Bowlbys work on separation anxiety by sight the behaviour of babyren, not when they were separated with their attachment figure but reunited as the difference in behaviour was more apparent (Oates et al. 2005).For the duration of her research in Baltimore, Ainsworth apply Bowlbys theory on IWM to expand the theory of attachment. Four different attributes of attachment emerged as a result of maternal sensitivity secure (Type B), insecure-resistant or incertain (Type C), insecure-avoidant (Type A) (Ainsworth 1978) and disoriented and/or disorganised (Type D) (Main and Solomon 1990).She entwined attachment types to IWM to develop the attachment theory and successfully grumose their work through the Strange Situation, a gold standard procedure now commonly used as a method of bailiwicking infant attachment (Oates et al. 2005).Through this procedure Ainsworth was able to partake attachment classification to different IWM.The Strange Situation gave justice to Bowlbys theory on how a child builds up a working model of how attachment figures are likely to behave toward him in a variety of situations and on those models are based all his expectations (Bowlby, 1973, p.369).A further incentive to develop the study of internal working models was Mains (1994) attempt to translate Ainsworths infant-mother attachment classifications to equivalent adult classification.Bowlbys original formulation suggests unison across generations in attachment style (Oates et al. 2005). Main developed the Adult Attachment Interview (AAI) to asses an adults dexterity to integrate early memories of their relationships with their parents into overarching working models of relationship (Oates et al. 2005, p.38).From the AAI adults were classified into three categories Dismissing autonomous and preoccupied. These three types of adult classification can then be associated with infant attachment types. Dismissing adults would be related to insecure avoidant (Type A) infant attachment, infants steadfastly attached (Type B) would develop into autonomous adults and adults who were classified as preoccupied would have had an insecure attachment type as infants (Focus Collection 3. 2005). Mains work took Bowlbys work up a generation to follow through his work on IWM.Making use of Ainsworth empirical methods that tested Bowlbys ideas, the Strange Situation type classification proved to be a partially good predictor of adult attachment types (Oates et al. 2005). Hamilton (1994) found this to be legitimate in cases where the childs circumstances had remained stable. Cases where life events such as divorce or parental illness had occurred could be held accountable for the change in atta chment type (Hamilton, 1994).Bowlby believed in the notion of good enough mothering (Oates et al. 2005). Influenced by the work of Winnicott an aspect of the Bowlbys theory is for the attachment figure should allow just the right amount of check off in meeting the infants needs to encourage both tolerance of waiting and confidence in net satisfaction (Oates et al. 2005, p.25). The parental behaviour towards an infant is thus very much a central cause for the childs attachment type that he or she develops from their IWM.Subsequent research has investigated the influences on attachment. Vondra et al. carried out a study in 1995 that showed consistent parental behaviours could be used as a reasonable predictor of their children classification type. Caregivers that were sensitive tended to have securely attached infants (Type B), infants classified as avoidant (Type A) were probable to have controlling mothers and ambivalent infants (Type C) were likely to have unresponsive mothers (O ates et al. 2005).

Zongshen Group Essay Example for Free

Zongshen Group EssayChongqing, a city in central southwestern China, had a inheritance in heavy manufacturing, as it was one of the centers of the Chinese defense industry, especi every last(predicate)(a)y for vehicles. In 1980s, when the Cold struggle slowed, the central government wanted to carmineuce defense expenditure and asked some of the state owned enterprises (SOEs) to pop manufacturing civilian products. At the beginning only SOEs could get license for the business but government permitted raft to go into business for themselves but they could only work as individual business operators and could not come out up companies. Many of the SOEs turned to parts production.Zuo Zongshen, being a former cycle repairer, headstrong to rough a motorcycle repair business in 1982 with the present condition in China. Almost all of the motorcycle industry was producing imitations of Japan motorcycles at graduation as they could not afford any investments for enquiry and develo pment. By 1992, the regulations had changed and individuals were permitted to set up private companies, so Zuo quickly set up a bon ton to assemble motorcycle engines from purchased parts which was capitalized at CNY500,000. The parts that were manufactured by SOEs were the copies of Japanese engines. There were several(prenominal) hundred of these suppliers and assemblers had to figure out how to select the right ones. Being a former motorcycle repairman, Zuo knew which factories do the dear ones and what were the good brands. afterwards 3 years of assembling, Zuo was dissatisfied with the approach as it was not casual to get parts from manufacturers as they were mainly responsive to large scale SOEs. He uptaked to use his network and sometimes red envelopes to get the parts. With the experience he had, he has started to make core components in house and increased the number of the components in house production as his capabilities improved. He classifies the necessity to do t his in ternary drivers to make a differentitation, to guarantee the supply and also to upgrade the parts as a good start for innovation. In order to improve quality and reliability of parts that it produced as well as to reduce production costs, Zongshen started applying advanced technology tools such as computer help design and computer aided manufacturing to its product development. Besides, Zongshen also sought manufacturing consultant from former Honda employees and visited its competitors and prospective partners desire Harley-Davidson in the United State. As a result, Zongshen was stood out in the common manufacturers throughout the country.In 2000, Zuo decided to build up the association group structure. They splitted the responsibilities between the departments. Then they decided that they should tap into capital markets. suitable a world class competitor would require a lot of capital, if the company could float its stock, it would pee a source of equity capital. The proficiency that Zongshen used to raise its financial capital is very artful. quite of following the tradition method which is through an initial public offering (IPO), Zongshen used another technique cal conduct Reverse Merger or Backdoor Merger. The technique can be described in power point that Zongshen had a target list of companies which had an existing list but lack of assets or liabilities. Once Zongshen could advance one from the list, it would merge its assets into. This technique is very critical for the success of Zongshen. In fact, when it became the largest shareholder of a Chengdu company, it divested the assets of the legitimate company and inserted its own assets from the engine company. As the result, it turned into the largest engine manufacturer in the Chinese motorcycle industry.In 2004, Zongshen added its 3rd business, another listed company in Canada. Buying PEM Technologies through Norstar Venture in Canada led Zongshen to be able to control the technolog y manufacturing proton exchange membranes, a nominate element in producing enthalpy fuel cell. Having this technology, Zongshen became very successful in manufacturing and selling e-bikes. In fact, its two subsidiaries could produce 350,000 units of e-bike a year. Its trade volume increased dramatically from 50,000 units in 2007 to 220,000 units in 2008.Moreover, Zongshen enhanced its effectiveness by collaborating with other set up firms. Piaggio, for instance, became its partner in exploring rural markets. The corporation set up a new company and mean to manufacture 100,000 scooters a year. As a part of the new joint venture agreement, Zongshen would supply the company with a significant amount of parts. In fact, by 2005, Zongshen provided 35% of accessories and components of the scooter. It was expectedly increased by 50% in 2006. In 2005 the Chinese motorcycle industry still had too many manufacturers, and they were introducing undifferentiated products to the same customers . As a result the margins were too low. Zuo studied W.Chan Kim and Renee Maugorgnes book about Blue nautical scheme which argued that firms should go after uncontested toothsome ocean market, and look for some new demand instead of chasing existind demand in hyper competitive red ocean markets.Zuo decided not to produce imitations instead Zongshen launched the cyclone cat to develop products with technology in order to introduce differentiated products. The original production facility was reborn to a RD center and Zongshen contracted with Nova design to assist with new product designs. After spending CNY300 million, they launched premier(prenominal) Cyclone products in 2007 and 2008. But in the markets that change was not succesfull. Consumers and retailers had doubt that Zongshen could make such good products and the blue ocean products failed. So they decided to launch Purple Ocean products with a eminenter quality than red ocean products and of course with higher prices, but still lower than blue ocean products. The Purple Ocean products coincided sharp rebound in profitability. Improved quality and styling helped products such as ZS250 to gain popularity.One key change for the company was implementing a new performance evaluation and incentive scheme that linked all employees base salary to the breakeven point of the company. For the e-bike market, traditionally lam acid batteries were used. While inexpensive and mature technology, lead acid batteries were heavy and had alimited lifetime to deep discharge cycles. Zongshen PEM was using either lead acid or lithium ion batteries. The latter gave the e-bike longer range and stronger climbing capability. As at that place were many entrants to the market it is soft seen that the base skills for e-bike were not hard to develop but Zonghsen was determined not to compete in high volume, so the question was differentiation. The key differentiators in e-bike industry were in several categories, and the cha llenge was to have necessitate skills. The company launched a tool called Master Apprentice agreement with about 40 key strength and managerial positions. Zuo was personally taking care of those personnel and helping them to build skills and giving gifts. Also there was a career development plan for those employees.While talent had always been a challenge for Zhongsen, it is directly very critical as they want to transform to e-bikes. How did Zongshen acquire the capabilities to produce motorcycles? As noted above, Zou was a motorcycle repairer in the past. As many of the SOEs turned into manufacturing of civilian products, with the change of the laws and permissions he first became an individual business operator. After 1992, the regulations has changed and indivuduals were permitted to set up companies so Zuo set up the company. As he had experience and and was not coming from the trenches, he knew to select the best parts and Zongshen became a good assembler. After some years of assembling he decided to produce some critical parts in house and gradually he has started to manufacture more parts. He classifies the necessity to do this in three drivers to make a differentitation, to guarantee the supply and also to upgrade the parts as a good start for innovation. Zongshen also adopted the computer aided design relatively earlier than the others.

Article Critique Essay Example for Free

Article Critique EssayThe thought that friction match projection is correlated with childrens schoolroom achievements and adjustment has been hypothesized since the 1930s. Much research and empirical evidence for such hypotheses have since been collected, and expect to agree with the antecede of the correlation. mates acceptance is the main measurement of this register. In contrast with other types of friction match relationships, fellow grouping acceptance, or rejection, is strongly connected with academic readiness and achievement.This article focuses on consort sentiments and its opinion on childrens adjustment. It differs from past studies in that its approach is to measure non-observable feelings about partitionmates, rather than simply the observable interactions. The article begins by outlining past research, and developing a premise for the study from those previous studies. The main study that this research builds upon is that of a 2001 study by Eric S. B uhs and Gary W. Ladd, who also conduct this study along with Sarah L. Herald.The premise of the study, based on the 2001 study, is that once classmates express negative feelings and actions upon a chum, those feelings and actions act as a apparent marker for elevate rejection by the larger peer group, and the rejected child as well as a result, the rejected peers are flagged by their peers, and are left out of classroom interactions, and as a consequence, the rejected childs learning is impacted ultimately leading to lower levels of achievement (Buhs, Ladd, and Herald, 2006, p. 2).The anterior 2001 study found that early peer rejection was negatively related to later achievement and that this association was partially mediated through peer maltreatment and declining classroom participation, respectively (Buhs et al. , 2006, p. 2). The authors developed a hypothesis that built upon their previous study. Their hypothesis was stated as, it was hypothesized that prolonged peer malt reatment increases the probability that children forget disengage from classrooms (or the educate context) and that increasing disengagement impairs childrens achievement.Thus, it was predicted that longer rather than shorter histories of peer maltreatment, after controlling for contemporary exclusion or abuse, would mediate the link amid early peer rejection and later classroom disengagement (Buhs et al. , 2006, p. 3). The authors provided state that their purpose for conducting this study was to bridge the gap between the limitations of the previous study (it was only a one year study that attempted to predict students future outcomes) by conducting a more extensive longitudinal study over a six year period (kindergarten through fifth grade).methodological analysisThe research study constructed six variables to measure the children with. They include, peer group acceptance/rejection, peer exclusion, peer abuse, classroom participation, school avoidance, and achievement. Peer group acceptance/rejection was conceptualized to mean the accomplishment to which individuals were liked/ disliked by classroom peers, and operationalized by sociometric ratings that were collected from peers during kindergarten. One problem with this operationalization is the ability to comprehensively scale the true feelings of one peer toward another, especially during younger years.Scales, questionnaires, and observations might be too incomplete to capture the true meaning bed the dynamics of peer to peer interactions. Another electric outlet is of how to evaluate separate peer groups. Many quantify classrooms encompass only a selection of developed peer groupings throughout the grade, and might be unfairly balanced toward one group. An example of groupings would be defined by the terms, popular, punk, or nerds. The research might be biased toward one group, if only because they were over represented in a class room.The variable Peer Exclusion was conceptualized as the exte nt to which children were the target of peers nonaggressive rejecting behaviors, including behaviors such as ignoring, avoiding, or refusing to associate with them in the classroom context (Buhs et al. , 2006, p. 3). The Variable Peer Abusethe second form of peer mistreatmentwas conceptualized to mean the extent to which children were recipients of classmates aggressive and harassing behaviors (Buhs et al. , 2006, p. 3). These two variables contained indicators to distinguish between chronic peer abuse, and situational peer abuse.Again, the issue that arises is the effectiveness of these measures. The interactions between childhood peers are complex, and apprize change daily. The variables Classroom Participation, and School Avoidance were use to measure disengagement from the classroom surround. A large issue with this is how to distinguish individuals who might be avoiding class as an outcome of separate circumstances. If poor participation and avoidance was only observed from th e angle of peer interactions, then this view is biased toward the study.The study is seeking a correlation, and if outside factors arent controlled for, then they will biasly effect the results of their study. A childs family life, neighborhood, economic status, innate ability, among other factors, could influence all of the variables that this study examines. The last variable, Achievement, was defined as the accuracy with which children could solve progressively more advanced reading, mathematics, and spelling problems on an individualized achievement streamlet (Buhs et al. , 2006, p. 4).The issue that comes to mind with this variable is the way it uses tests to gauge achievement. close to students fare better on tests than others, while some students take time to develop adequate test taking skills. Another problem is how to control for separate curriculums in different classrooms, and the quality of what is being taught.selective information (From the text) Buhs et al. , 2006, p. 5 Participants The entropy used in this investigation were gathered from a total sample of 380 children (190 girls These children were followed longways from age 5 (kindergarten) to age 11 (fifth grade31 kindergarten class rooms across 10 schools, and by the fifth-grade data collection period, children were in 162 different classrooms across 32 schools.The sample contained nearly equal proportions of families from urban, suburban, or rude midwestern communities, and the samples ethnic composition was 17. 4% African American, 77. 1% Caucasian, 1. 6% Hispanic, and 3. 9% other. Family incomes were distributed as follows 10. 9% of the sample reported total household incomes from $0 to $10,000, 10. 9% reported incomes from $10,000 to $20,000, 12.6% reported incomes from $20,000 to $30,000, 12. 6% from $30,000 to $40,000, 12. 9% from $40,000 to $50,000, and 40. 3% reported incomes above $50,000. Results The study reports its results as, peer group rejection is predictive of a rang e of chronic, negative peer behaviors that may alter both the social environment of the classroom and childrens adaptive responses within that context across the elementary school years. (Buhs et al. , 2006, p. 11). It suggests that the facet of peer exclusion leading to reduced participation, and ultimately delayed achievements needs further study.It goes on to say that with further study, and thus more knowledge, an empirically based intervention program can be developed. Conclusion It can be argued that to have a complete understanding of the ever evolving and complex world of the social interactions in a school environment is close to impossible. The authors came into their study with a set premise, and expectations of the outcomes, and have seemed to found what they were clear-cut for. The question becomes, how valid are the authors findings, and can they be applied in a general manner across learning environments.I believe studies that look at complex interactions between ch ildren over several years, such as this study, might have too many outside interactionary forces that could effect the data and results. Works Cited Buhs, Eric S. , Ladd, Gary W. , and Herald, Sarah L. (2006). Peer Exclusion and Victimization Processes That Mediate the Relation Between Peer root Rejection and Childrens Classroom Engagement and Achievement?. journal of Educational Psychology 2006, Vol. 98, No. 1, 113.

Marketing Plan - Chancellor University Essay Example for Free

Marketing Plan chancellor University Essaypremier University is a for-profit secondary education institution located in Seven Hills, OH. Grounded in the traditions of business, it has multiple degrees in business and other select professions. Alumni of prime minister University include John D. Rockefeller and Harvey Firestone. The degree selection ranges from certificates to Masters Programs focus in business, healthcare management, global comparative studies, and criminal justice. In 2009, premier switched from ground campus to an all-online format, with students spread across the United States and some countries around the world. Chancellor believes that students succeed later in life because they are taught to tense up for excellence. Based on previous SWOT analysis, Chancellor has a chance to recover from the economic downturn and help it become viable as a premiere institution. STRENGTHS WEAKNESS SOCIAL MEDIA PROGRAM redness OF JACK WELCH MGMNT TO STRAYER UNIVERSITY COMMUNITY COLLEGE PARTNERSHIP REPORTS OF LOSING ACCREDITATION HISTORY LOW STUDENT RETENTION OPPORTUNITIES THREATS WORKING manakin AND FIRST GENERATION COLLEGE ATTENDEES BAD ECONOMY CELEBRITY STUDENTS LACK OF ALTERNATIVE FINANCING.DEMAND FOR higher(prenominal) EDUCATION COMPETITORS OFFERING SIMILAR CLASSES AND FORMATS Recently added to the Chancellor University degree spreeings is the Masters and certificate program of fond Media. According to some, this addition as a Masters Degree is not viable but the certificate program is seen as viable for specializations. The feeling is that most students would already be well lettered in societal media and that its best to follow a concentration in Marketing and use the social media classes within the Marketing program.The social media certificate program is great to stand for the marketing major and bequeath show a specialization of making social media relevant in the business realm. A atomic pile of higher education facilities ar e starting to add courses and degrees with this specialization, Chancellor is seen as one of the firsts to make it acquirable to their students. Chancellor recently began to offer a Study Abroad program that entrust aide in the students in getting a well-rounded education with global exposure.Chancellor has also partnered with community colleges to offer students a wider variety of courses and credits toward their Bachelors and Masters Degrees. Chancellor stands to continually drowse off its footing as a premiere institution considering the lack of alternative education financing out-of-pocket to its for-profit status. It makes it difficult for students to pay or obtain alternative payment plans for their education. Pell Grant is the only grant offered to the students.States cannot cede students grants because Chancellor is a for-profit institution, this means that the students will bear the weight of financing and increase their loan responsibility. Reports have been continual ly floating around of the schools accreditation being at risk from the Higher Learning Commission in Chicago due to poor leadership, financial health, and the quality of the academic programs. Losing accreditation would mean that students could no longer utilize the federal Pell grants for their education with Chancellor. The Jack Welch Management Institute was a top notch addition to the Chancellor curriculum.With its loss to straggler, Chancellor loses the investment money that came from Jack Welch and the prestige that came with the famous managers name and contributions to their management program. The enquire for higher education at an affordable footstep continues to rise. Chancellor is not offering it in their menstruum format. Time is taken forth from the leadership team developing the curriculum or focusing on the needs of the students to prepare for the commission review. This can turn a lot of students away and the retention rate will decrease.The classes are moderat ely priced compared to University of Phoenix and Strayer University (based on Bachelor Degree programs). Opportunities exist for Chancellor to expand. Recommendations would include * Branching out to offer campus sites within the community colleges that they have established partnerships with. This can be obtained by offering professors a stipend to teach courses that are more difficult for students to follow with the online formats, air campuses have contributed to the success of Strayer University and University of Phoenix.* Establish a larger presence with social media. Offer the accepted students the opportunity to blog about their experiences and link the blogs to their social mediums, this increases awareness of Chancellor and their presence on the Internet. * attach information on the Wikipedia. org page. The article for Chancellor University is more so focused on the history sort of of the offerings of the institution. The page describes several changes that Chancellor h as been through starting with the Folsoms Mercantile College and can turn potential students away with the constant changes.* Work out, within the partnerships of the community colleges, to offer Chancellor students the option to take their courses as electives. This will increase the amount of electives available for Chancellor students and contribute to the satisfaction of their education experience. * Chancellor should transition rearwards to letting the students pick their own classes, giving them a selection in each category for the normal education electives. This way, the students are responsible for their education and can still study subjects of interest to them. Works Cited Chancellor University. (n. d.).Retrieved from www. chancelloru. edu Chancellor University wikipedia. (n. d. ). Retrieved October 24-26, 2012, from Wikipedia http//en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Chancellor_University Magaw, T. (2012, August 6). Crains Cleveland Business. Retrieved Octber 24-26, 2012, from Acc rediting body again issues show-cause order for Chancellor U. http//www. crainscleveland. com/article/20120806/FREE/308069957 Strayer University. (n. d. ). Retrieved October 25, 2012, from Wikipedia http//en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Strayer_University Strayer University. (n. d. ). University Tuition Fees and Costs.Retrieved October 25, 2012, from Strayer University http//www. strayer. edu/financial-support/tuition-and-fees University of Phoenix. (n. d. ). Bachelor of Science in Management. Retrieved October 25, 2012, from University of Phoenix http//www. phoenix. edu/programs/degree-programs/business-and-management/bachelors/bsm. htmltab=tuition Wecker, M. (2012, adjoin 1). US News Education. Retrieved October 26, 2012, from Avoid Social Media M B As, Some Students Say http//www. usnews. com/education/best-graduate-schools/top-business-schools/articles/2012/03/01/avoid-social-media-mbas-some-students-say.

Coffee Industry Essay Example for Free

Coffee Industry EssayPeople usually pledge deep brown tree to stay up while awake at night, besides that many people blaspheme on coffee to fill their day started. correspond to the New England Journal of Medicine, Drinking coffee lavatory lead to a longer life however, many consumers amaze no idea of the impact of habits on their coffee and coffee farmers around the globe, ethical issues of consumers with the industry is non passably but to coffee farmers, the issues argon human rights violations and use of child labor issues need to be addressed. To remedy this situation, the fair trade entrust hopefully improve the living conditions of some of the poorest people in the world through dependant comfort and the change in the consumers choice. Coffee is one of the most valuable commodities in the world, most of the farmers in the attain of little(a) retail and come from developing countries, although the majority of coffee sales argon in the the States and Europe ma ny people around the world rely on coffee to pass and have a better life however, to producing quality coffee, farmers have to work really hard though farmers get down very little money and the inequity of the coffee producing companies when they sell coffee.Working conditions of farmers in the plantations are very different, although they work hard , but it paid for exploitation, for example , in Guatemala , coffee pickers to harvest 100 pounds to get the minimum wage $ 3 per day (The Problem with Fair foxiness Coffee 2010),farmers have to work overtime and do not earn extra money, so farmers use child labor for the exertion of coffee to save money and use these chemicals power of the human body in order for a fast development of coffee sale on the market.Moreover, using the chemicals and the development of the coffee industry adversely affect habitat and species decline. In addition, forests are cut down to coffee production affects the environment and dirty erosion. Accord ing to World Wildlife Fund (WWF), converting forest to tea and coffee agriculture can also make believe erosion and soil loss (WWF 2010) yet the farmers have no choice and/or the opportunity to change. According to the International Coffee Organization or ICO Coffee production in 2012 was 144 611 000 bags, mostly from less(prenominal) developed countries such as, Brazil 50 826 000 bags.Vietnam 22 000 000 bags and Indonesia 12 730 000 bags (ICO 2013), though coffee production is extremely ranked in the world, but farmers still do not get enough money to represent for life, for example, Vietnam in 2012, producing nearly 30 % of world coffee production but the turnover is only 10 % of the total trade value obtained from the global industry, the main reason is due to their ability to improve impact of value and coffee products are limited, coffee roasting plants in countries with rates lower than 10%, when farmers sells 1kg of coffee beans, farmers gets about 2 dollars or an avera ge price of one cup of coffee oversea, yet 1 kg of coffee can make 50 cups.In addition, the links between farmers and enterprises are not strong, the lack of information on farmers markets, so farmers often extorted. Moreover, the risk of crop failure is the fear of the coffee growers. Most of the profits from coffee for export processing enterprises, coffee farmers only enjoy a small percentage. That has caused insecurity for farmers. Solution to this problem is the fair trade. According to Wikimedia, Fair trade coffee is coffee that is bear witness as having been assumed and marketed to a stated set of standards. Many Customers pay a higher price when purchase coffee with the certification logo or brand in the Belief Furniture , by doing so, they are helping farmers in the Third World .In particular, the fair trade coffee movement gives a reasonable price to the Farmers who were being a low wage labor exploitation. However, achieve certification of fair trade, farmers must me et several conditions of production as farmers have to meet a large multifariousness of production standards there are limits on the use of child labor , pesticides , herbicides , genetically modified products , and so on With these standards met, both consumers and farmers can benefit, with farmers getting the sufficient amount of money for their products, and the consumers getting their product knowing its safe to consume and has no effect on the producers financially or ethnically.These farmers must cooperate with businesses to produce the certified products, such amounts received will be higher and the lives of the farmers would be better. In addition, consumers should choose certified products in the supermarket or the market as this will support and will be helpful for farmers. In conclusion, fair trading is the way for farmers and coffee producers to get a higher amount, and will change lives for the better. consequently farmers should choose fair trade to ensure benefits and consumers should choose products that have been certified to support the farmers.Reference * The problem with Fair Trade Coffee. * Retrieved August 30, 2013, from http//www. ssireview. org/articles/entry/the_problem_with_fair_trade_coffee * Coffee Production and Labor* Retrieved August 30, 2013, from http//www. organicconsumers. org/starbucks/coffeelabor. htm * Fair Trade Coffee * Retrieved August 30, 2013, from http//en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Fair_trade_coffee * International Coffee Organization- EXPORTING COUNTRIES TOTAL PRODUCTION * Retrieved August 30, 2013, from http//www. ico. org/prices/po. htm * Health and effect of Coffee.* Retrieved August 30, 2013, from http//en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Health_effects_of_coffee * Environmental Impacts of Coffee and Tea Production * Retrieved September 2, 2013 from http//www. hellogreentomorrow. com/blog/2010/11/environmental-impacts-of-coffee-and-tea-production.

Brontie’ Swanston Essay Example for Free

Brontie Swanston EssaySome meters advance(prenominal) incumbrance for struggling submiters is ideal. Most learning problems can be prevented if students are in positive school and classroom con textual matter editions that accommodate individual differences (Madden, 1991). However, even in the most positive environments, some students still experience difficulties. For these students, earliest intercession strategies moldiness(prenominal) be implemented as soon as learning problems are noted. too soon intervention means that supplementary disciplineal services are provided early in students schooling, and that they are eager enough to bring at-risk students quickly to a level at which they can profit from high-quality classroom instruction (Madden Wasik, 1991). The intent of early intervention is to create general education support systems for struggling learners as a way to improve academic performance and to reduce inappropriate special education referrals (Madden, 1 991).Examples of early intervention include clinical teaching, peer and expert consultation, teacher assistance teams, and alternative programs such as those that endure tutorial or remedial instruction in the context of general education. A critical supposition for ELL students is comprehensible input. This concept expresses that in effectuate to acquire a second language the learner must understand what is said to him. Learners should come across input that is appropriate to their age and language level.This language should be bonnie beyond the learners current proficiency but easy enough for them to understand. Teachers need to go background knowledge, deliver content that is contextualized, and using up gestures, pictures and real objects to make input comprehensible (Saunders, Goldberg, 1991). When modcomers are depute to a mainstream classroom and spend most of their day in this environment it is especially critical for them to receive comprehensible input from their teachers and classmates (Saunders, Goldberg, 1991).In other invents, if the teacher prefers lectures, it leaves the English language learner will not be receiving this input. All teachers are aware of the need to explicitly link past learning and new concepts but some teachers sound to consider students backgrounds and experiences when planning lessons (Saunders, Goldberg, 1991). One way to avoid making out of work assumptions about our students past learning, background or experiences is to create a common classroom experience as the basis for instruction (Saunders, Goldberg, 1991).Another strategy is to help students make conscious links between their experiences and the text as described in the sample lesson below. Two good concepts to implement would be literature logs and instructional conversations. Before and after reading, students respond to prompts that help them link their experiences to those of the main parting or main composing (Saunders, Goldberg, 1991). The inst ructional conversations that follow these prompts provide oral language practice for Ells, and help deepen students conceptual frameworks for acquaintance (Saunders, Goldberg, 1991).Researchers found that using either the literature log or the instructional conversation increased cognition for Ells but using both produced deeper understanding (Saunders, Goldberg, 1991). Teachers should apply the following steps to be winning in previous two concepts Step 1 Create pre-reading and post- reading questions or prompts Pre-reading question or prompt a generic probe about students experiences that might be similar to those of the main character/s. Step 2 Briefly review the story again building on student responses in a think-aloud format.Review the procedure for tracking story events and noting when these events are similar to or different from experiences discussed by the class. Examples two-column notes, post its, adapted story sequence chart Students read or listen to the text pairs, polished groups, tape, and buddy reading Step 3 Present the second literature log question or prompt model a response. Allow time for students to write about or discuss the prompt. advance the second instructional conversation in which students discuss similarities and differences between and among their experiences and those of the characters.Variations use picture books with limited text for non-readers or beginning Ells of any age. Allow students to respond in their first language. Older or more proficient students can respond to prompts that focus on the setting instead of, or in addition to, events, characters and theme or compare experiences across texts. (Saunders, Goldberg, 1991) It is also decisively important to emphasize expose lexicon. Lack adequate vocabulary is one barrier to reading for Ells. Research on vocabulary acquirement indicates that a successful vocabulary development program should have a least the following five components1) Intentional word selection (words that represent new concepts, are important outside of the specific activity, or cross content areas) 2) Direct instruction in word meaning and in strategies used to learn new words 3) Modeling of strategies and processes for learning new words 4) Multiple exposures to new words and opportunities to use new words (wide reading, intentional word-focused activities, and ongoing review) 5) A system to help students track new vocabulary (Beck, McKeon, 2002) Here is a five-step vocabulary activity to implement with your ELL students1) Teacher provides a definition (tell, read, demonstrate) 2) Teacher creates a non-linguistic representation of the word while engaging in a think aloud that helps students identify let on components of the visual and their relationship to the new word 3) Students write or say their own definition of the word 4) Students create their own linguistic representation of the word 5) Return to visual to add or revise elements as students deepen their under standing of the concept Adapted from Marzano, Pickering, 2001It is important that the teacher shares a knowledge prow relative to the education of students learning English (Thomas, Collier, 1997). Efficient teachers should be familiar with second language acquisition, the relationship of native language proficiency to the development of English, socio-cultural influences on learning, effective first and second language instruction, daily assessment strategies that can be used to monitor progress (particularly in language and literacy development), and effective strategies for running(a) with culturally and linguistically diverse families and communities (Thomas, Collier, 1997).It is also imperative that there is recognition of the students native language. Language programs must have support of principals, teachers, parents, and the community (Thomas Collier, 1997). School staff should understand that native language instruction provides the initiation for achieving high lev els of English proficiency (Cummins, 1994). For regular education teachers and ESL/bilingual teachers, when it comes to language development, there should be a share responsibility. There also must be collaborative school-community relationships.Parents of students learning English must be viewed as capable advocates for their children and as valuable resources in school improvement efforts (Cummins, 1994). By being twisting with families and communities of English learners, educators come to understand the social, linguistic, and cultural contexts in which the children are being raised (Ortiz, 1997). Thus, educators learn to love cultural differences in child-rearing practices and in how parents choose to be involved in their childrens education (Garcia Dominguez, 1997).It is vital to implement academically rich programs for ELL students. Students learning English must have opportunities to learn advanced skills in comprehension, reasoning, and composition and have access to cur ricula and instruction that integrate basic skill development with higher order thinking and problem solving (Ortiz, Wilkinson, 1991). Students must have access to high-quality instruction designed to help them accomplish high expectations (Cummins, 1994). Teachers should employ strategies known to be effective with English learners, such as 1) Drawing on their prior knowledge2) Providing opportunities to review previously learned concepts and teaching them to employ those concepts 3) Organizing themes or strands that connect the course across subject areas 4) Providing individual guidance, assistance, and support to fill gaps in background knowledge Although it is evident that students fail in school for a variety of reasons, in some cases, their academic difficulties can be flat attributed to deficiencies in the teaching a learning environment. These difficulties may become more serious everywhere time if instruction is not modified to address the students specific needs.Unle ss these students specific needs. Unless the deficit in learning is caught early and the appropriate intervention is accessed, they will continue to struggle, and the gap between their achievement and that of their peers will widen over time.ReferencesCummins (1994). Knowledge, power, and identity in teaching English as a second language. Educating second language children The total child, the whole curriculum, the whole community Cambridge, England Cambridge University Press. Garcia, S. B. , Dominguez, L. (1997).Cultural contexts that influence learning and academic performance. In Silver, L. B. , Child and childish Psychiatric Clinic Of North America Academic Difficulties. Philadelphia Saunders Co. Madden, N. A. , Slavin, R. E. , Wasik, B. A. (1991). Success for all, Phi Delta Kappan. Thomas, W, P. , Collier, V. (1997). School effectiveness for language language miniority students (Resource accruement Series No. 9). Washington National Clearinghouse for Bilingual Education. Be ck, I. , McKeon, M. Kucan, L. (2002) Bringing Words to Life Robust language Instruction.Guilford Press. Ortiz, A. A. Wilkinson, C. Y. (1991). Assessment and intervention model for the bilingual exceptional student. Teacher Education and Special Education, 14 Saunders, W. and Goldenberg, C. (1999) The effect of Instructional Conversations and Literature Logs on the Story Comprehension and Thematic Understanding of English Proficient and express mail English Proficient Students. http//www. cal. org/crede/pubs/research/RR6. pdf Marzano, R. , Pickering, D. J. , Pollock, J. E. (2001) Classroom Instruction that Works. Alexandria, VA MCREL, ASCD.

Divorce - Cause and Effect Essay Example for Free

Divorce Cause and Effect probeBefore a marriage is fully matured 3 out of 10 fail and regress in a come apart. No child wishs to hear the word divorce menti unrivalledd by their parents, little al unrivalled the other spouse. M whatever now a days seek divorce as an easy way out, given that they have an annulment. Some may even cheat the system and cross married for the spouses money, title, or objects. The marriages that are there just for show, fall apartt tend to last as long and become unhappy. In a marriage anything roll in the hay go wrong from bad communication, cheating, and misapply. Fyodor Dostoyevsky, at once a Russian novelist said, much unhappiness come into the world be causa of bewilderment and things left unsaid. The number one reason marriages end is because of the lack of communication in the relation, according to Huffington Post. There are five briny instances where a lack of communication asshole affect the marriage. The first one, is hiding your feelings. If youre having a heated conference with your spouse but keeping in feelings or problems then where is your alliance going to go? Oh I can help, nowhere.The next type is bodily or physical. Simply rolling your eyes, walking away from the conversation, shrugging your shoulder, or even the lack of eye contact can push someone away. A win-lose attitude is one of the most aggravating things for someone to do, personally. If someone always says, it wasnt me, if theyre judgemental or a very nix person it can agitate you and even bring you down. Lastly a lack of politeness can make someone feel underappreciated. If you continuously do something for someone and they correspond in a unloving manner you will tend to feel everyplace time like you dont matter. The childly command, like take the dog out, can seem abrasive. Theyre no such thing as over kindness, if someone does something nice for you, you can just simply correspond with a thank you. Thank you honey, any house wife , or husband would love to hear of their spouse. Just by keeping the spark amidst you and your spouse lite can help keep them interested in you, instead of others. Infidelity is the cause for 53% of a divorce.Only 31% of marriages last after a cheating incident, and a banging 53% of relationships are cheated. Isnt it ironic though how psychiatrists and marriage counselors are the top two professions for the divorce rate. you would think since they work with helping marriages, that theyd have a lower chance, I guess not in this case. Many events can lead to unfaithfulness. After the first year in the marriage there is the uniformhabitual activities every day where the cheater may feel like they need something new in life, which is when someone may first circuit to cheat. Having a child is a huge factor, itll affect the relationship no matter what you have done. The stress of having to completely care for another human being can affect you mentally, and some feel like they want t o go out and have an adventure, but they turn to the wrong activity when that happens. When it comes to the 5th to 7th year, also known as the seven year itch. By this time most couples may have obtained the american dream, but they start to become bored and unhappy, so they turn to something new, to change things up. Then theres the mid-life crisis. Generally around this time youve spent 20 years with the person, but youre just not quite sure that another 20 you want to be with the person.These instances are generally the reasons which fuels someone to cheat. Its not always the case, but these are the times when infidelity is started. Just picture 5 million women, which is just a quarter of women in a marriage. That unpolluted 25% is the percentage of women that have been in a abusive relationship. Theres six diametrical way abuse can happen, the following are physical, emotional, communicative, economic, mental, and sexual.Why do they do it? They seek to control their spouse. E motional, mental, and verbal is generally how it starts, but then it can progress to sexual and economic. It can be tricky for These types of abuse though dont always pertain to the spouse, it could be happening to a child or children of the couple. To say divorce only affects the two joined in holy matrimony is an unstatement. The children, friends, family, everyone thats connected to the two can be effected.As a child that has divorced parent, since I was two, can say it lull affects me. I have to figure out a time during break when I can go that doesnt conflict too much with my sports, I barely possess to see my dad, and its hard to see my mom work and earn all of the money, by herself for us. So if you dont want your marriage to end try to keep good communication a priority, whatever you do dont cheat, and be sure to check if youre being or are abusive, so you can get help to work on it.SourcesFacts, Infidelity. Infidelity Facts and Information. Infidelity Facts. n.d. 27 Marc h 2014.Pave, Project. 6 Types of Abuse. Just for Teens. n.d. 27 March 2014.Post, Huffington. Divorce Causes 5 Communication Habits That Lead To Divorce. November 29, 2012. HuffPost. 27 March 2014.

Legal Rights Essay Example for Free

Legal Rights EssayCriminals construct heavy accountabilitys during mental test procedures. With away these declines in that respect would be so much confusion and controversy in the court system today. There are quaternion of them that I will give a brief summarization of and explain to you the consequences that could possibly happen if these legal respectables were no longer upheld in the court system today. They are the right to confront witnesses, the right to an jolly panel, the right to counsel at trial, and last but not least the right to be skilled trial. The right to confront witnesses is legal right. The sixth amendment gives the defendant the right to be confronted by the witnesses against them (Larry J. Siegel, 2012, 2010). This essentially gives the right for the defendant to have the witness me to court and give them the ability to look the witness right in the mettle. This also gives the defendants lawyer the right to question the witness. If this rig ht wasnt upheld then(prenominal) in that respect would in all probability be a luck of false statements or accusations in the trial.It would also be ticklish to confirm whether or not the witness it telling the truth, because anyone can pick up a alternate of paper and write down what they want to, but when it comes to looking that person right in the eye it makes a whole green goddess of difference, because it gives the defense a chance to look at the body talking to of the witness and also, when it comes to the matching up of the statements, the witness could write down something, but then when it comes to testifying if they are equivocation then what they wrote down and what they are actually saying could be totally different and if this right was no longer upheld in that location could be innocent people going to throw out or a lot of break throughlaws acquire away with the crime that they have affiliated.Also if the legal right wasnt upheld how could the jury or the judge go off of a written statement that could have be written by anyone, if this right wasnt upheld, then there would be so galore(postnominal) written statements on two sides, because they wouldnt have to testify during trial, it would be a whole lot easier for people to get off, because it would essentially be he say, she say information, but the fact of having to actually go to court and testify downstairs oath, puts you in a whole entire ball field so it helps in a lot of ways, because not only does it help the d defense but it helps the prose trailors also.The right to an impartial jury basically fashion that, the jurors who they select for the trial know absolutely no one who is on the trial, none of the attorneys, the judge, the defendant or the plaintiff. They also cant know anything about the trial. No one on the jury can be biased. If this legal right wasnt upheld then the ruling of the case, wouldnt be fair and there would be a lot of people taking different si des just because of the person that they know.It wouldnt be fair to the defendant or the plaintiff, because if the jury knew something about the case or knew of the person who committed the crime or of the person who the crime was committed upon then the jury would have mixed feelings and would probably never reach a decision which could cause a hung jury, which would probably let a vicious walk free. Also if anyone in the jury knew the judge, the prosecutor or the defense lawyer and they worked one of their cases or convicted them of a crime previously then they would probably just consume a side out of spite. Having an impartial jury is not only trade good for the defendant, but also for the prosecutor and plaintiff also, because if there was someone on the jury that had something against the plaintiff or prosecutor then they would probably just choose in favor of the defense just because of the grudge that they had against that party.The right to counsel means that the defenda nt has the right to have the assistance to counsel in the defendants defense and if they cant afford one then one would be appointed to them by the court. If this right wasnt upheld then there would be a lot of cases that would probably be ruled in favor of the plaintiff just because of the lack of companionship of the defendant. Also there would probably be a lot of criminals behind bars, because then they wouldnt have a lawyer to speak on there be half and try to work out a lighter sentence on their behalf. There probably would not be as many an(prenominal) probation officers, because with the defendants being locked up then the options of them having probation or community service would be cut out of the picture.With a lawyer they help out the defendants a lot in trials, because the lawyer can work with the prosecutor and come up with many other options other than jail time. They can also help the defendant and show them ways and other things to do before trial to help them get a lesser or lighter sentence. Without the criminals having the right to counsel then there would be a lot of ruinful accusations on the defendants side also it would be easier for the jury to side with the prosecutor because with the lack of knowledge the defendant probably wouldnt be competent to get the information that they need for trial together.The right to be competent at trial means that in order to stand trial a criminal defendant must be in there right state of mind and understand the nature and extent of the legal proceedings. Also if the defendant is considered mentally unstable then the trial must be postponed until treatment renders him capable of participating in his own defense (Larry J. Siegel, 2012, 2010).If this right was no longer upheld then every trial would be partial and a lot of mentally unstable people would be in jail instead of getting proper treatment in the right facility. Also if it wasnt upheld then the defendant wouldnt be able to render the trea tment that he/she needs to be able to stand trial. Also the criminal would probably try to act as his own counsel which, because they arent in there right state of mind and say or do things that he/she wouldnt understand, because they arent in there right state of mind and would they would get a harsher sentence for the crime.There are so many things that could go wrong if these legal rights werent in place. There are many cases that has happened and thats why we have these legal rights to day. In my opinion I feel that these rights are in effect for good reasons, because regardless of the person everyone should have rights. Without these legal rights there would be so much corruption and wrong doing in the courts today.

Berkshire Hathaway Phenomenon In the Context of Modern Finance Theory Essay Example for Free

Berkshire Hathaway Phenomenon In the place setting of Modern pay surmise EssayBerkshire HathawayPhenomenonIn the Context of ModernFinance suppositionSepttember2013Berkshire Hathaway PhenomenonIn the Context of Modern Finance guessIntroduction everywhere the 46 eld ending December 2012, rabbit warren Buffett (Berkshire Hathaway) has achieved a compound, after-tax, come in of government issue in tautological of 20% p.a. Such consistent, long term, surface performance might be viewed as incompatible with modern finance theory.This essay discusses the Berkshire Hathaway phenomenon in the context of modern finance theory.Part 1 Modern Portfolio TheoryBerkshire Hathaways investing strategies mainly differ with modern portfolio theory on cardinal aspects. The first adept is the attitude towards the inapplicable thing in investment. And the second one is the perspective of diversification.As Harry Markowitz pointed pop in Portfolio Selection, one of the assurances is (Ma rkowitz, 1952)the investor does (or should) consider expected return as a desirable thing and version of return an undesirable thing. However, in rabbit warren Buffets point of view, (Roberg G, 2005) the only undesirable thing should be the possibility of harm. He emphasizes on conducting fundamental analysis to work out a companys approaching profits, so as to determine the inborn rank instead of observe the stock prices. This is beca go for in the long term, the investment outcome is mainly harmed by misjudging the business value, including misjudging of inflation rate andinterest rate etc. As such, risk is defined differently between Mr Buffett and Modern Portfolio Theory one is defined by possibility of misjudging theintrinsic value of business, the other being simplified to sport of expected returns. If we consider risk as a probability statement, then maybe Mr Buffetts translation is closer to the original meaning.Also, the assumption of maximising one-period expected utility is non what Buffet focuses on in his investment strategies.(Roberg G, 2005)In this case, Justin Industries, which was acquired by Berkshire Hathaway in 2000, butt joint serve as a good example. During the five years prior to the acquisition, stock price of Justin Industries dropped by 37 percent, which should result in a huge air division of expected return. But Mr Buffett saw it as a perfect opportunity to purchase a well-managed traditional business with oer 100 years of history. He offered a 23 percent premium over stock price at the time, and the stock price shot up by 22% on the day of announcement.It is also stated by Markowitz that, (Markowitz, 1952)a rule of behaviour which does not imply the transcendency of diversification must be rejected both(pre tokenish) as a hypothesis and as a maxim. On the contrary, Mr Buffett has his famous quote, (Roberg G, 2005)diversification serves as a protection against ignorance. If you want to make authentic that nothing bad h appens to you relative to the food market place, you should own everything. There is nothing wrong with that. Its a perfectly large(p) approach for somebody who doesnt agnise how to analyse business.One can always argue that Berkshire Hathaway does not operate in only one industry, and they tend to invest in more industries in late(a) years. But as the business grows in volume, it is crusadeable to be involved in new industries when thither are few sound investment opportunities in the industries they already operate in, let alone that the technology industry was rarely in the list of retentivenesss of Berkshire Hathaway, not even when Apples stock was soaring. The reason being, (Roberg G, 2005)investmentsuccess is not about how much you know but how realistic every last(predicate)y you define what you dont know. chart 1 (Martin Puthenpurackal, 2007)Distribution of Berkshire Hathaway enthronisations by IndustryThe chart above shows distribution of Berkshire Hathaways invest ments by industry and firm size during the time frame 1976-2006. Judging by the size and look of investments, it can be concluded that a large amount of wealth was placed in manufacturing industry during the 30 years in study, although for diversification purpose, more weight could have been placed in the industry of agriculture, forestry and fishing, kink or retail trade.Having compared the differences, it is still worth noting that Markowitz did not rule out fundamental analysis in portfolio woof process, as is said in his foregoing paper,(Markowitz, 1952)the process of selecting a portfolio may be change integrity into two tips. The first stage starts with observation and experience and ends with beliefs about the future performances of available securities. The second stage starts with relevant beliefs about future performances and ends with the choice of portfolio. This paper is concerned with the second stage.Part 2 Efficient Market HypothesisThe strong form of efficient market hypothesis states that all information, no matter everyday or private, instantaneously affects current stock price. Semi-strong form is only concerned with public information, while the weak form suggests that current stock price reflects information in the previous prices. In short, they simply imply that in the long run, no one should be able to beat the market in terms of investment return.As is said in Famas paper in 1970, (Eugene F, 1970)the turn up in support of the efficient markets model is extensive, and (somewhat uniquely in economics) contradictory evidence is sparse. However, rabbit warren Buffet has always criticised efficient market hypothesis as much as he could. The majorreason is that, as a fundamental analysis advocate, (Roberg G, 2005)he thinks analysing all available information make an analyst at advantage. He once said, (Banchuenvijit, 2006)investing in a market where people believe in efficiency is like playing bridge with someone who has been told it does not do any good to vista at the cards. Also in his speech at Columbia University in 1984, he mentioned, ships allow canvass around the world but the Flat Earth Society will flourish. There will offer to be wide discrepancies between price and value in the marketplace, and those who read their Graham Dodd will stick to prosper.(Roberg G, 2005)To illustrate, we can take Berkshire Hathaways acquisition of Burlington Northern Santa Fe Corp. in 2009 for example. At the time, shares of Burlington Northern had dropped 13 percent in 12 months. Also, the market was soft during GFC, so the possibility of competitive bids was low correspond to Tony Russo, a partner at Gardner Russo Gardner, which holds Berkshire shares. If efficient market hypothesis does stand, the market would rebound quickly when GFC took place, and such opportunity of relatively low-priced acquisition would not exist. Even if it exists, other investor should anticipate quick upwardly adjustment of price an d participate in bidding when they find out about this opportunity.However, this does not nurture that fundamental analysis is superior, because intrinsic value is not yet clear defined, and how does Mr Buffet calculate the intrinsic value is still a mystery.Part 3 great(p) plus determine sit aroundWhen examining assumptions of Capital Asset price regulate, it is obvious that Mr Buffett is at odds with almost every one of them.Firstly, the model assumes that all investors are Markowitz efficient, but as mentioned preceding, Mr Buffett does not treat variance of expected return as an impregnable drawback, so the second rule that Markowitz Efficiency must follow does not stand.Secondly, the model is backed by the assumption that investors havehomogeneous expectations and oppose access to opportunities, which suggests that everyone is supposed to have the same view of future profit stream. However, as a recent paper pointed out, (Frazzini, et al., 2013)Mr Buffetts return is la rgely due to his selection of stocks. If everyone has the same view with Mr Buffett and the same access to the investment opportunities, then if not everyone, a large number of people should be as rich as Mr Buffett, when the reality is the opposite. So Mr Buffett would not agree with this assumption either.The third assumption is that capital markets are in equilibrium, which is practically what only efficient markets can achieve, which, as discussed above, is not in line with Mr Buffetts view point.The final one, which is that Capital Asset set Model only works within one period time horizon, is apparently against Mr Buffetts long-term holding strategy.Apart from model assumptions, one of the strongest contradictions between Mr Buffetts view point and Capital Asset Pricing Model is that the model is for short-term predictingpurpose, which would clearly be categorised into (Roberg G, 2005)speculation instead of investment by Mr Buffett. In addition, market portfolio is not of prac tical use, compared with Mr Buffetts way of only analysing businesses he is familiar with, because the market portfolio we use cannot truly represent the entire market.Part 4 Multi-factor Pricing ModelsUnlike Capital Asset Pricing Model, which has only one factor, in Multi-factor Pricing Models, such as Arbitrage Pricing Theory and Fama-French three-factor model, the rate of return is linked to several factors.As diversification is still suggested by the model, the same division on diversification exists with Mr Buffets strategies and Multi-factor PricingModels.Moreover, differences also lie in the fact that multi-factor models ordinarily take in some macroeconomic factors, which investors should not consider according to Mr Buffett, (Roberg G, 2005)the proportionnale being that if a single stock price cannot be predicted, the overall economic condition would be more hard to predict.Despite the differences, some micro factors included in the multi-factor model, such as P/E ratio and book-to-market ratio, can also be used to conduct fundamental analysis to determine the intrinsic value and possibility of growth of a business. As such, the ideas of which factors to take into account can coincide within the two different approaches.Chart 2(Martin Puthenpurackal, 2007)Factor Regressions of Berkshire Hathaway and Mimicking PortfoliosIn a paper by Gerald S. Martin and John Puthenpurackal, they conduct a regression analysis using Fama-French three-factor and Carhart four-factor models on monthly returns of Berkshire Hathaway and mimicking portfolios. (Martin Puthenpurackal, 2007)The adjusted excess returns turn out to be significant with p-values 0.024 the excess market return and high-minus-low book-to-market factors are again significant with p-values 0.01. However, small-minus-big and prior 2-12 month return momentum factors are not importantly explanatory factors.As such, preliminary conclusion can be reached that book-to-value highminus-low can be a commo n factor in both multi-factor models and Mr Buffetts fundamental analysis. In addition, the factors of firm size and momentum are not likely to be considered by Mr Buffett. Also, both Berkshires and mimicking portfolios returns outperform the multi-factor models in study. (Bowen Rajgopal, 2009)But as is pointed out in another thesis, the superior performance is attributed to the earlier years and they observe no significant alpha during the recent decade.Part 5 Black-Scholes Option Pricing ModelAccording to Berkshire Hathaways letter to shareholders in 2008,(Buffett, 2008)their stupefy contracts reported a mark-to-market loss of $5.1 billion, and this lead to Mr Buffetts criticism towards the Black-Scholes formula as is claimed by the media.However, the loss was in fact caused by comprehension of volatility in the formula when volatility becomes irrelevant as the duration before matureness lengthens. As Mr Buffett said in the letter,(Buffett, 2008)if the formula is applied to ex tended time periods, it can produce absurd results. In fairness, Black and Scholes almost certainly lowstood this point well. But their devoted followers may be ignoring whatever caveats the two men attached when they first unveiled the formula. As such, Mr Buffetts comment on Black-Scholes formula is more of self-criticism than the other way around.This is reflected in his earlier comment on performance in the letter,(Buffett, 2008)I believe each contract we own was mispriced at inception, sometimes dramatically so. I both initiated these positions and monitor them, a set of responsibilities consistent with my belief that the CEO of any large financial placement must be the Chief Risk Officer as well. If we lose money on our derivatives, it will be my fault.We can understand why Mr Buffett gave this fair comment about the formulae when referring to the Black-Scholes paper,(Black Scholes, 1973)if the expiration date of the extract is very far in the future, then the price of the bond that pays the exercise price on the maturity date will be very low, and the value of the option will be approximately equal to the price of the stock. Mr Buffett also commented that (Buffett, 2008)The Black-Scholes formula has approached the status of holy writ in finance, and we use it when valuing our equity put options for financial statements purposes. Key inputs to the calculation include a contracts maturityand strike price, as well as the analysts expectations for volatility, interest rates and dividends and that even so, we will continue to useBlack-Scholes when we are estimating our financial-statement liability for long-term equity puts. The formula represents conventional wisdom and any substitute that I might offer would engender extreme scepticism.Despite Mr Buffetts confession, a scholar analyse the letter and reached a different conclusion why the loss was do(Cornell, 2009)He first ruled out risk-free rate, inflation rate and drift and focused on volatility, w hich is consistent with where Mr Buffett thought he made a mistake. The lognormal diffusion assumption, which implies that volatility increases linearly with respect to the horizon over which it is measured, was discussed at length with arguable evidence. As such, its misuse is not a strong explanation regarding the absurd results.He then effectuate out in the letter that Mr Buffett believed that inflationary policies of governments and central banks will limit future declines in nominal stock prices compared with those predicted by a historically estimated lognormal distribution. If Mr Buffet is right, then the Black-Scholes model will indeed significantly overvalue long-dated put options, to which a possible solution is making the left-hand tail sawed-off to reduce the value of long-dated put options.SummaryThroughout this essay, we have discussed the common views and divergences between Mr Buffetts investment strategies and Modern Finance Theories. Now we summarize the main po ints as followsCommon viewsDivergencesBlack-Scholes Option Pricing ModelModern Portfolio TheoryEfficient Market HypothesisCapital Asset Pricing ModelMulti-factor ModelsChart 3Common Views and Divergences between Modern Finance Theory andMr Buffetts StrategiesModern Finance TheoriesModern Portfolio TheoryDivergences with Warren Buffet1. Risk Defined as Volatility2. compact coronation Horizon3. DiversificationEfficient Market HypothesisCapital Asset Pricing Model dependableness of Fundamental Analysis1. Markowitz Efficient Investors2. Homogeneous Expectation andEqual Access to Opportunities3. Markets in Equilibrium4. Short Investment Horizon5. Predicting Function Leads toSpeculation6. Impractical Market Portfolio7. DiversificationMulti-factor Models1. Macro Factors2. DiversificationChart 4Detailed Divergences between Modern Finance Theory and Mr Buffetts StrategiesBibliographyBanchuenvijit, W., 2006. Investment Philosophy of Warren E. Buffet, Bankok The University of Thai Chamber of Commerce.Black, F. Scholes, M., 1973. The Pricing of Options and Corporate Liabilities. The journal of Political Economy, 81(3), pp. 637-654.Bowen, R. M. Rajgopal, S., 2009. Do Powerful Investors Influence Accounting, institution and Investing Decisions?, Washington D.C. University of Washington.Buffett, W. E., 2008. Letter to Shareholders, Omaha Berkshire Hathaway, Inc..Cornell, B., 2009. Warren Buffet, Black-Scholes and the Valuation of Long-dated Options, Pasadena California Institute of Technology.Davis, J., 1991. 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