Connective Tissue

Connective create from raw material Characteristics of link wavers Extra carrellular matrix separates carrells Most widely variable of weaves Many change functions Common (mesenchyme) origin Degrees of vascularity Functions Binding Suport Protection Insulation Transport structural Elements Fibers ?Collagen (white) fibres ?Elastin (yellow) fibers ? meshed fibers Ground substance ?Amorphous material fills space mingled with cells and contains fibers ?Holds silver-tongueds ?Acts as molecular sieve ?Consists of interstitial fluid, cell trammel proteins mucilage, proteoglycans Cells Each class of connective tissue has a fundamental cell type that exists in an im fester and mature form ?Undifferentiated cell gets suffix blast i. e chronoblast, they are actively mitotic, secrete fibers and soil subtance ?Once the cells synthesise the matrix they assume their less active mature mode indicated by suffix cyte i. e. lymphocyte Summary Fibers Ground spunk Cells Collagen Interstitia l fluid Immature form blast Elastin Cell adhesion proteins glue Mature form cyte Reticular Proteoglycans Types of connective tissue entirely consist of cells surrounded by matrix Differences reflect cell type, better type and the proportion of matrix contributed by fivers These differences determine connective tissue classes and their subgroups ?General ( tough) connective tissue proper ?Specialised Connective tissues (skeletal oculus sinister and cartilage, adipose, lymphoid, blood) Cells found in Prototype Connective meander FIbroblasts Adipocytes (fat cells) Cells which migrate from blood ? leucocyte ?Other cells concerned with tissue response to injury Connective Tissue Proper Two subgroups classification mainly based on fine arrangement and density Loose CT Areolar ?Reticular heavy(a) CT ? dark regular ? turbid irregular Connective Tissue Proper Sub groups Characteristics/Structural elements Loose Areolar Semi fluid Gelatinous ground substance Collagen, elastin, reticul ar loosely distributed Fibroblasts and macrophages are abounding Occasional adipocytes (fat cells) Widely distributed packing material of body Loose Reticular hyaloplasm contains reticular fibers Reticular fibers form network of reticular cells (fibroblasts) Dense Regular Closely packed collagen fibers orientated in same command Mainly fibroblasts Poorly vascularised (no blood vessels)White, ductile tissue with great bendable strength in one pedagogy Wavy fivers allow stripped give until fibbers are straightened waxy CT has high elastic content i. e. ligaments and tendons Dense Irregular Closely packed collagen fibers orientated in same direction Mainly fibroblasts Poorly vascularised (no blood vessels) Collagen bundles are orientated in legion(predicate) directions Forms sheets where tension is exerted in from many directions i. e. dermis of skin, fibrous joint capsules, fibrous capsules of many organs (kidneys, testis, bone, muscles) Blood Classified as a connective tiss ue Cells in matrix (plasma) Fibers are soluble proteins which only pay back visible during clotting Functions ?Transport of nutrients (glucose, oxygen) ?Transport of wastes (CO2) ?Transport of gases (oxygen, CO2) ?Hormones Cartilage somewhere between dense CT and bone Tough but flexible Cartilage cells chondro prefix Ground substance has firmly bound collagen fivers Contains a lot of tissue fluid (80% water) No blood vessels or nerves (good for joints) Perichondrium (dense irreg. CT) surrounds around cartilage Growth both interstitial and appositional Types ?Hyaline ?Elastic ?Fibrocartilage Bone Bone can refer to Osseous tissue (type of CT) variety meat of the body i. e. humerus (consisting of several tissue types) Bone as a tissue Bone is connective tissue (osseous tissue) Cells contained in a matrix Matrix is hardened by deposition of calcium salts and other minerals = calcification (mineralisation) Functions of bony physical body Support Protection Rigid attachment Levers fo r muscles Blood formation Electrolyte residue Acid base balance Detoxification General features of long bone stocky bone Spongy bone Medullary cavity Diaphysis (shaft) epiphysis cerebri Epiphysis plate/line Articular cartilage Periosteum and endosteum